Ubuntu 16.04 Docker

ref:
https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-and-use-docker-on-ubuntu-16-04
https://philipzheng.gitbooks.io/docker_practice/content/install/ubuntu.html
Docker官方英文

安裝

需求:
1.64-bit
2.kernel > 3.10 ($ uname -r)

更新套件資源
$ sudo apt-get update

確保APT可以用https method, 和CA certificates (這兩個通常都有了)
$ sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates

新增GPG key取得最新Docker官方的版本
$ sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://p80.pool.sks-keyservers.net:80 --recv-keys 58118E89F3A912897C070ADBF76221572C52609D

Add the Docker repository to APT sources:
打開/etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list加入根據作業系統版本的repo
Ubuntu Xenial 16.04 (LTS) : deb https://apt.dockerproject.org/repo ubuntu-xenial main
簡化之：
echo "deb https://apt.dockerproject.org/repo ubuntu-xenial main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list

把剛剛加的更新進去
$ sudo apt-get update

(Optional)以前裝過就要下這個 : Purge the old repo if it exists.
$ sudo apt-get purge lxc-docker

確認現在是不是指向新的Docker版本
$ apt-cache policy docker-engine
應該會看到類似下列訊息

docker-engine:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 1.11.1-0~xenial
  Version table:
     1.11.1-0~xenial 500
        500 https://apt.dockerproject.org/repo ubuntu-xenial/main amd64 Packages
     1.11.0-0~xenial 500
        500 https://apt.dockerproject.org/repo ubuntu-xenial/main amd64 Packages

(Optional)官方表示Ubuntu16.04建議安裝這個：linux-image-extra-* (kernel packages,
allows you use the aufs storage driver)
$ sudo apt-get install linux-image-extra-$(uname -r) linux-image-extra-virtual

終於可以裝囉
$ sudo apt-get install docker-engine
查看狀態
$ sudo systemctl status docker

(Optional)不sudo用docker

將使用者新增到docker群組
sudo usermod -aG docker $(whoami)
sudo usermod -aG docker [the username]
再重開terminal

Hello World!

docker run hello-world

......
Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.
......

Usage

找尋你想要的套件
docker search ubuntu
棒
docker search -s 1 redis | more (-s是stars)

下載下來
docker pull ubuntu
==docker pull registry.hub.docker.com/ubuntu:16.04

看載了什麼
docker images

建立一個container
docker run ubuntu
進去互動
docker run -it ubuntu
-i, –interactive, Keep STDIN open even if not attached
-t, –tty, Allocate a pseudo-TTY
完整指令讓他執行bash
sudo docker run -t -i ubuntu:16.04 /bin/bash
以Daemonized狀態執行：加 -d

正在運行的container
docker ps
看所有的container
docker ps -a

啟動container
docker start container-id

進入container
docker exec -it container-id /bin/bash
docker attach container-id

停止container
docker stop container-id

刪除container
docker rm container-id

刪除image
docker rmi image-id

Commit(冒號後面加taag, tag不一定要加)
docker commit -m "What did you do to the image" -a "Author Name" container-id repository/new_image_name:tag
ex:docker commit -m "added node.js" -a "Sunday Ogwu-Chinuwa" d9b100f2f636 finid/ubuntu-nodejs

製作一個ubuntu-nodejs image步驟:
docker run -it ubuntu
apt-get update
apt-get install -y nodejs
exit
docker commit -m "added node.js" -a "Name" 23678e0625bd DockerHub的Username/ubuntu-nodejs

上傳到Docker Hub
docker login -u DockerHub的Username
docker push DockerHub的Username/ubuntu-nodejs

利用 Dockerfile 建立映像檔

vim Dockerfile

# This is a comment 這是註解
FROM ubuntu:14.04 #以哪個為基底
MAINTAINER 名 姓 <email@docker.com> #維護者訊息
RUN apt-get -qq update #會在建立中執行RUN
RUN apt-get -qqy install ruby ruby-dev
RUN gem install sinatra

docker build -t="lovenery/sinatra:v2" . -t可以指定新的tag, 第二個點 . 是Dockerfile所在目錄(當前目錄)
可以利用docker tag 52680c5e789d lovenery/sinatra任意修改tag

Nginx Example

echo "<h1>Hello!</h1>" | tee index.html

vim Dockerfile

1 2	FROM nginx:alpine COPY . /usr/share/nginx/html

docker build -t webserver-image:v1 .
docker run -d -p 8080:80 webserver-image:v1
http://localhost:8080

Nginx Example 2

Dockerfile

FROM nginx:1.9
COPY index.html /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
EXPOSE 80
CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]

docker build -t my-nginx-image:latest .
docker run -d -p 8080:80 my-nginx-image:latest

安裝 Docekr Composer

https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/
https://github.com/docker/compose/releases

sudo -i or sudo -s

1	curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.8.0/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` > /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

1	chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

$ docker-compose --version
=>docker-compose version: 1.8.0